Exodus 16– Manna & Murmuring!
In our study last week, we studied:
The Song of Deliverance!
Tonight: Manna & Murmuring!
We concluded last time with these thoughts:
(Ex 15:22) So Moses brought Israel from the Red Sea; then they went out into the Wilderness of Shur. And they went three days in the wilderness and found no water. {23} Now when they came to Marah, they could not drink the waters of Marah, for they were bitter. Therefore the name of it was called Marah. {24} And the people complained against Moses, saying, "What shall we drink?" {25} So he cried out to the LORD, and the LORD showed him a tree. When he cast it into the waters, the waters were made sweet. There He made a statute and an ordinance for them. And there He tested them, {26} and said, "If you diligently heed the voice of the LORD your God and do what is right in His sight, give ear to His commandments and keep all His statutes,
I will put none of the diseases on you which I have brought on the Egyptians.
For I am the LORD who heals you."
Little is said to help us understand what “diseases” He is talking about. The translations do not vary, and the dictionary confirms “diseases” to be the right word. It may have simply been diseases that that the children of Israel were familiar with. Some think the plagues of frogs, lice, etc., may have brought diseases with them.
{27} Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve wells of water and seventy palm trees; so they camped there by the waters.
This is not far from Marah. What a pleasant change from the bitter to the pleasant. Both are encountered on our road to the promised land. I think the main thought is: It was an oasis! It was a break from the barren dessert. God provides us with the “breaks” of life.
Now Exodus 16: Manna & Murmuring!
(Exo 16 NKJV) And they journeyed from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came to the Wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they departed from the land of Egypt.

{2} Then the whole congregation of the children of Israel complained against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness. {3} And the children of Israel said to them, "Oh, that we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the pots of meat and when we ate bread to the full! For you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger."
An Amazing response from God! No indication that Moses even petitioned for this. No rebuke this time except the statement: “that I may test them, whether they will walk in My law or not.”
{4} Then the LORD said to Moses, "Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you. And the people shall go out and gather a certain quota every day, that I may test them, whether they will walk in My law or not.
“that I may test them” Will they trust Me? Will they count on Me for the next day’s food?
{5} "And it shall be on the sixth day that they shall prepare what they bring in, and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily." {6} Then Moses and Aaron said to all the children of Israel, "At evening you shall know that the LORD has brought you out of the land of Egypt. {7} "And in the morning you shall see the glory of the LORD; for He hears your complaints against the LORD. But what are we, that you complain against us?" {8} Also Moses said, "This shall be seen when the LORD gives you meat to eat in the evening, and in the morning bread to the full; for the LORD hears your complaints which you make against Him. And what are we? Your complaints are not against us but against the LORD." {9} Then Moses spoke to Aaron, "Say to all the congregation of the children of Israel, 'Come near before the LORD, for He has heard your complaints.'" {10} Now it came to pass, as Aaron spoke to the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and behold, the glory of the LORD appeared in the cloud.
{11} And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
A more detailed response to Israel:
God is still dealing mercifully in spite of their murmuring and complaining.
{12} "I have heard the complaints of the children of Israel. Speak to them, saying, 'At twilight you shall eat meat, and in the morning you shall be filled with bread. And you shall know that I am the LORD your God.'" {13} So it was that quails came up at evening and covered the camp, and in the morning the dew lay all around the camp. {14} And when the layer of dew lifted, there, on the surface of the wilderness, was a small round substance, as fine as frost on the ground. {15} So when the children of Israel saw it, they said to one another, "What is it?" For they did not know what it was. And Moses said to them, "This is the bread which the LORD has given you to eat.
Centuries later, the children of Israel were still remember this. It was like they thought they had been cheated: (John 6:30-31 NKJV):
‘Therefore they said to Him, "What sign will You perform then, that we may see it and believe You? What work will You do? {31} "Our fathers ate the manna in the desert; as it is written, 'He gave them bread from heaven to eat.'"
The Test: Follow these instructions!
(Ex 16:16) "This is the thing which the LORD has commanded: 'Let every man gather it according to each one's need, one omer
[1. An ancient Hebrew unit of dry measure
equal to !/10 ephah, about 3.5 liters (3.7 quarts).]
for each person, according to the number of persons; let every man take for those who are in his tent.'" {17} Then the children of Israel did so and gathered, some more, some less. {18} So when they measured it by omers, he who gathered much had nothing left over, and he who gathered little had no lack. Every man had gathered according to each one's need.
Now the test of faith: “Give us this day our daily bread.” (Mat 6:11 NKJV) Can they live by it? So the test is spelled out!
{19} And Moses said, "Let no one leave any of it till morning." {20} Notwithstanding they did not heed Moses. But some of them left part of it until morning, -- [Why? Just in case God forgot to send you breakfast!] and it bred worms and stank. And Moses was angry with them. {21} So they gathered it every morning, every man according to his need. And when the sun became hot, it melted.
A built in penalty for sloth!
Don’t lay around in the morning, intending to do it later in the day. Later in the day, it will melt and you will get hungry!
{22} And so it was, on the sixth day, that they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for each one. And all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses.
I’m not sure what they told him, or why they told him anything. They appear to be doing exactly what they were told to do.
(Ex 16:5) "And it shall be on the sixth day that they shall prepare what they bring in, and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily."
{23} Then he said to them, "This is what the LORD has said: 'Tomorrow is a Sabbath rest, a holy Sabbath to the LORD. Bake what you will bake today, and boil what you will boil; and lay up for yourselves all that remains, to be kept until morning.'" {24} So they laid it up till morning, as Moses commanded; and it did not stink, nor were there any worms in it.
This was God’s way of showing them that the Sabbath was special. He expected them to keep it, and He expected them to understand that they were dependent upon Him day by day,
just like we are.
A little more about the Sabbath Day:
{25} Then Moses said, "Eat that today, for today is a Sabbath to the LORD; today you will not find it in the field. {26} "Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day, which is the Sabbath, there will be none." {27} Now it happened that some of the people went out on the seventh day to gather, but they found none. {28} And the LORD said to Moses, "How long do you refuse to keep My commandments and My laws? {29} "See! For the LORD has given you the Sabbath; therefore He gives you on the sixth day bread for two days. Let every man remain in his place; let no man go out of his place on the seventh day." {30} So the people rested on the seventh day.
More about Manna:
{31} And the house of Israel called its name Manna. And it was like white coriander seed, and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.
Manna to be kept as a Memorial
{32} Then Moses said, "This is the thing which the LORD has commanded: 'Fill an omer with it, to be kept for your generations, [memorials are important to God] that they may see the bread with which I fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you out of the land of Egypt.'" {33} And Moses said to Aaron, "Take a pot and put an omer of manna in it, and lay it up before the LORD, to be kept for your generations."
{34} As the LORD commanded Moses, so Aaron laid it up before the Testimony, to be kept.
God had to preserve it, or it would have soon gone bad.
(Heb 9:3-4 NKJV) and behind the second veil, the part of the tabernacle which is called the Holiest of All, {4} which had the golden censer and the ark of the covenant overlaid on all sides with gold, in which were the golden pot that had the manna, Aaron's rod that budded, and the tablets of the covenant;
Back to Exodus 16: How long did it last?
{35} And the children of Israel ate manna forty years, until they came to an inhabited land; they ate manna until they came to the border of the land of Canaan.
(Josh 5:10-12 NKJV) Now the children of Israel camped in Gilgal, and kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the month at twilight on the plains of Jericho. {11} And they ate of the produce of the land on the day after the Passover, unleavened bread and parched grain, on the very same day. {12} Then the manna ceased on the day after they had eaten the produce of the land; and the children of Israel no longer had manna, but they ate the food of the land of Canaan that year.
Then a bit of information we already knew:
{36} Now an omer is one-tenth of an ephah.
And the chapter closes:
God provides our food
He expects us to trust Him for our food.
He wants us to remember Him.
Bible Study with Harley
Scripture quotations marked "NKJV™" are taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved.